Photo by Susannah Moore
Kai the Golden Retriever wearing a winter jacket.
When temperatures begin to drop, we typically reach for layers, cozy coats, knits and warm food and beverages to ward off the chill. Just like us, our furry friends also need to be ready for the winter.
Dogs can develop hypothermia and even frostbite when exposed to the cold for too long. Small dogs, senior dogs, puppies and short-coated dogs are especially at risk.
The Old Farmers’ Almanac predicts that this winter will be colder and snowier than usual but thankfully there are a lot of options to keep your pup warm, happy and healthy this season.
Adjust Food and Water
There are two kinds of dogs, those that come alive in the cold and snow (think Huskies, Bernese Mountain Dogs, Saint Bernards) and those that refuse to step outside when the temperatures drop (like some Dachshunds, Beagles and Bulldogs). With the change in temperature often comes a change in activity levels.
Dogs that enjoy the cold may have increased energy compared to the warmer months and spend a lot of time frolicking in the backyard. Dogs (and owners) who don’t like the cold will likely be less active and go on fewer walks. Your pup’s calorie intake should be adjusted accordingly.
“A lot of people don’t realize how much less water their dog drinks in the winter,” said Annabell Bivens, manager of The Dog Store in Del Ray.
“Since it’s not hot out and the dogs are not as active, just adding something to the daily food is something we suggest,” she continued. If your dog is drinking less water, consider supplementing with goat milk, bone broth, wet food and kibble toppers to make sure they are staying hydrated, she advised.
Keep Boredom at Bay
With lack of activity comes boredom but there are plenty of ways to keep your dog stimulated indoors. Lick mats, puzzle toys, safe-chews and treat-filled balls keep your dog’s mind engaged and their bodies moving. A tired dog will be less likely to reach for your favorite pair of slippers.
“Twenty minutes of chewing and figuring out puzzles can be as mentally tiring as 20 to 30 minutes of walking can be physically exhausting,” explained Bivens.
Protect the Paws
Many substances used to melt ice on sidewalks and roads are dangerous or even toxic for dogs, not to mention that ice and snow can cause frostbite. Consider purchasing dog boots or socks from a local pet store. (The Dog Store carries dog boots in sizes XXS-XXL so dogs of all shapes and sizes can be protected.)
It may take some time for your pup to get used to wearing something on his or her paws, but with persistence and lots of treats and praise, many dogs will adapt.
In addition to boots, consider purchasing a natural paw balm or wax to protect and soothe paw pads. Local business Virginia Honey Bees sells a paw balm made with beeswax from their honey bees.
Make sure to clean your dog’s paws with soap and water or pet-friendly wipes after they have been outside to remove snow, ice and any toxic materials. Many local pet stores carry pet-safe ice melt you can use instead of traditional ice melt. Consider encouraging your condo association or local businesses to switch to pet-safe ice melts on their sidewalks if they don’t use them already.
Bundle Up
Just because your dog has fur, doesn’t mean they don’t need a jacket to ward off the winter weather. Even long-haired breeds can benefit from a sweater or fleece not only to protect from the cold, but also to keep fur from dragging in snow and ice which can hurt them when brushing out tangles.
“The preventative for that is to wear a protective layer like a coat," said Karen Echeverri, owner of Pampered Pets Boutique and Barkery in Belle View. "As they’re walking, the underbrush gets all gunky but if they’re wearing a fleece it protects it." The shop carries dog jackets all the way up to size 6X.
In addition to looking absolutely adorable (and getting lots of attention), a coat or sweater can have a calming effect on some dogs. For dogs that get cold easily, consider layering a fleece with a waterproof jacket over top. Let your dog get used to wearing the clothing item even while inside so they don’t only associate it with going outside. Select the right style for your dog to make sure they stay warm but don’t overheat.
Make sure your pup has a warm, cozy bed or blanket to sleep on (especially if they aren’t allowed to snuggle with you in bed). Pampered Pets carries a branded fleece blanket that would be perfect for your pet (and you) and serves double duty to protect floors and furniture from wet paws and fur. Dogs should never sleep outside in cold weather.
Stay Visible
Shorter days means that daily morning or evening walks in the winter are often in the dark. Make sure you and your dog stay safe with reflective leashes, clothing and "light-up" collars or harnesses. Many dog jackets have reflective details for this very reason.
According to the AKC, the following symptoms can be signs of hypothermia in dogs:
Increased heart rate, followed by a slow heart rate
Rapid breathing, followed by progressively slower and shallower breath
Sluggishness and delayed reflexes
Depression
Paleness
Dilated pupils
Loss of consciousness
